MRI Morphological Analysis of Femoral Intercondylar Notch in Healthy Participants in Southwest China

Abstract

Background:
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are common knee joint issues linked to the morphology of the femoral intercondylar notch. The shape, size, and volume of this anatomical region may influence ACL injury risk, with differences observed across genders and populations.

Objective:
This study aims to evaluate and establish reference values for femoral intercondylar notch parameters in healthy individuals using MRI, with a focus on understanding gender differences and providing data to support ACL injury risk assessment and prevention.

Methods:
A total of 240 healthy participants (120 males, 120 females) aged 18–60 from Baise City, China, underwent knee MRI scans. Measurements included notch width index (NWI1, NWI2, NWI3), notch shape index (NSI1, NSI2), and cross-sectional area (CSA1, CSA2). Statistical analysis was conducted using t-tests or Mann-Whitney U tests, and reference values were derived based on distribution characteristics.

Results:
No significant gender differences were found for NWI1, NWI2, NSI1, and NSI2. Significant differences were observed in CSA1, CSA2, and NWI3. Males exhibited larger cross-sectional areas than females. Reference values were established for both normally and non-normally distributed metrics. These findings underscore structural variations by gender that may affect ACL injury susceptibility.

Conclusion:
The study confirms notable gender differences in the anatomy of the femoral intercondylar notch, particularly in cross-sectional area and notch width at specific anatomical levels. These variations emphasize the importance of individualized ACL injury risk assessment and preoperative planning for procedures such as notchplasty. MRI serves as an effective non-invasive tool to support clinical decision-making and injury prevention strategies.